Phospholipase A2 and Cyclooxygenase 2 Genes Influence the Risk of Interferon-alpha-Induced Depression by Regulating Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Levels.

December 26, 2009

Phospholipase A2 and Cyclooxygenase 2 Genes Influence the Risk of Interferon-alpha-Induced Depression by Regulating Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Levels.

Biol Psychiatry. 2009 Dec 23;

Authors: Su KP, Huang SY, Peng CY, Lai HC, Huang CL, Chen YC, Aitchison KJ, Pariante CM

BACKGROUND: Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) are the two key enzymes in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which in turn play an important role in cytokine-induced depression and sickness behavior. METHODS: Patients with chronic hepatitis C viral infection (n = 132) were assessed to examine the effects of seven single nucleotide polymorphisms in COX2 and PLA2 genes on the development of depression during interferon (IFN)-alpha treatment; a subsample (n = 63) was assessed for the erythrocyte levels of the three main polyunsaturated fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and arachidonic acid. An independent “replication” sample of patients with major depression unrelated to cytokine treatment (n = 82) was also examined. RESULTS: Twenty-eight percent of participants developed INF-alpha-induced depression. Participants with the PLA2 BanI GG or the COX2 rs4648308 AG genotypes had a higher risk of IFN-alpha-induced depression (odds ratio = 3.1 and 3.5, respectively). The “at risk” PLA2 genotype was associated with lower EPA levels, and the “at risk” COX2 genotype was associated with lower DHA levels, during IFN-alpha treatment. The PLA2 BanI GG polymorphism was also associated with more somatic symptoms of depression, both in patients with INF-alpha-induced depression and in the replication sample of patients with major depression. CONCLUSIONS: Genetic variations in the COX2 and PLA2 genes increase the risk of IFN-alpha-induced depression, possibly by affecting the levels of EPA and DHA. Moreover, PLA2 genotype is associated with somatic symptoms in depression. Our study confirms the role of inflammatory mechanisms in major depression.

PMID: 20034614 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Young Adults’ Blood Lead Levels Linked To Depression, Panic Disorder

December 8, 2009

Young adults with higher blood lead levels appear more likely to have major depression and panic disorders, even if they have exposure to lead levels generally considered safe, according to a report in the December issue of Archives of General Psychiatry, one of the JAMA/Archives journals…

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Higher Blood Lead Levels Associated With Depression, Panic Disorder In Young Adults With Low Levels Of Lead Exposure

December 7, 2009

Young adults with higher blood lead levels appear more likely to have major depression and panic disorders, even if they have exposure to lead levels generally considered safe, according to a report in the December issue of Archives of General Psychiatry, one of the JAMA/Archives journals…

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Try Meditation to Lower Your Blood Pressure and Protect Your Heart

November 22, 2009

Cheap, low-tech stress relief may also protect against depression, insomnia, and anxiety
By Sarah Baldauf

Meditation is no longer just for the groovy folk. A just published study in the American Journal of Hypertension suggests the practice may bring cardiovascular and mental-health benefits. The research, conducted at American University in Washington, followed 298 students, half of whom practiced transcendental meditation for 20 minutes once or twice daily over three months and half of whom did not. Results: A subgroup of subjects in the meditation group who were at increased risk for hypertension significantly lowered their blood pressure and psychological distress and also bolstered their coping ability. The average reduction in blood pressure in this group—a 6.3-mm Hg decrease in the top (systolic) number of a blood pressure reading and a 4-mm Hg decrease in the lower (diastolic) number, >>>Read More<<<

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Head Injury Could Amplify Psychiatric Impact Of Torture

November 9, 2009

Depression and other emotional symptoms in survivors of torture and other traumatic experiences may be exacerbated by the effects of head injuries, according to a study from the Harvard Program in Refugee Trauma (HPRT), based in the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Department of Psychiatry.

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Northwestern Research Finds Antidepressant Drugs Aim At Wrong Target

October 26, 2009

More than half the people who take antidepressants for depression never get relief. Why? Because the cause of depression has been oversimplified and drugs designed to treat it aim at the wrong target, according to new research from the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. The medications are like arrows shot at the outer rings of a bull’s eye instead of the center.

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The Problem with Meditation Instructions

October 6, 2009

On how we can add flexibility and choice to a meditation practice that has become rigid and restrictive
By Jason Siff @ www.tricycle.com

BEFORE WE MEDITATE for the first time, we have ideas about what meditation is, what it does, and where it should lead. Then when we get our introductory instructions—either out of a book or magazine, or from a teacher leading a class or a retreat—we’re hopeful that the instructions will fulfill our purpose for meditating and that meditation will do for us what it has reportedly done for others. We look forward to becoming calmer, to our physical pain diminishing, and to our emotional stress and turmoil being eased; we anticipate meditation granting us the peace of mind we so earnestly seek.

We often do not even consider that we could have problems following the meditation instructions, or that the meditation instructions may not be the “right” ones for us. We assume that meditation practices are proven to work for most anyone, so when we experience frustration with the task of meditating, we often lay the blame on ourselves. We don’t see that the meditation practice itself has something to do with it.

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October 6, 2009

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July 30, 2009

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